Friday 7 March 2014

what is the definition of a web page and types of web pages?

(1) what is the definition of  a web page  and types of web pages?
- a special type of file written in HTML is called a webpage. some of theme are as follows :-
*persional home page- it repersents invidisulal and intrest hobies and persional information thereof.
*bussiness home pages:- it represents business affairs and products services relating information.
*directories such as yahoo list other web pages by catogry search engine like alta vista and google create indexes to the web.
*artistic projects are pages made by artist:-  its generally contents imges multimedia and provocative.

(2) what is HTML?
- publishing information for global distribution requires a universally understandable language, a kind of publishing mother tongue that all computers may potentially
understand . the publishing language adopted & used by the world wide web is HTML.

HTML renders authors the means/ways to:
*publish online documents with heading, text, tables ,list, phots etc.
*retrieve online information via hypertext links at the click of a button.
*designing forms for affecting transaction with remote & distant services for the use in gathering for information, making reservation, ordering products, etc.
*make inclusions of spread-sheet , video clips, sound clips and other applications directly within their documents.

HTML consists of code , which creates and displays world wide web pages. So ,if you want to make web page,you have to know HTML. The most exciting thing in www and
 HTML is one that gives the ability to link within the document . HTML document are plain-text (also known as ASCII-american standard code for information interchange.) files that can be created using any text editor
(examples of this type are, emaces on UNIX machines, Simple Text on a Macintosh and Notepad on a Windows machine).

Since HTML is a scripting language, output will be displayed on the browser after your code is ready. There are several browsers like Netscape, Internet Explorer, Neoplanet etc.
The most important thing about web designing is creativity. in order to give a good look to your Web page, you should use good graphics which
can be executed through graphics software's like Photoshop, Illustrator, CorelDraw, Free hand , Firework etc.


(3) Advantages of HTML--
HTML offers plenty of advantages, which are stated below:-

*Dynamism/Flexibility: You can always work on your Website even when you're away from the computer you usually work on, because no matter which computer you end up using, it will forever
have a text editor that you can use to edit the HTML page.

*Depth-Understanding:- You will have a much better concept of the structure of your page and understanding of why it functions the way it does, because you built the page from the ground up.

*Troubleshooting: After your HTML page is ready, you will be able to troubleshoot efficiently and have a better idea of what techniques to try if something is not functoining well.
*Price: Using HTML doesn't cost you a cent. There are no expensive licenses to buy and no annoying up-grades to purchase.
*independence:You are not stuck to any one vendor or any one program; you don't have to be downcast about bugs in a particular editing program or any
companies going out of business and leaving you stranded.
*User Friendly: And the fact is that HTML is not case sensitive so it more user friendly.

Tagged structured scripting language.

Easy to develop Html page with notepad or other text editors.

(4)About File Extenion:
This file is called HTML due to reason that Web page documents have the file extension .html or .htm. HTML stands for Hyper text Markup Language. By default the home page is saved as index.htm, default.htm(only for Macintosh based servers).


(5) Before you Start
you must  know the following terms;
*URL:Uniform Resource Locator(the Website address)
*WWW:World Wide Web
*HTTP:Hyper Text Transfer Protocol(this provides linking in between multiple Web pages)
*HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language
*SGML:Standard Generalized Markup Language-a standard for describing markup language
*DTD: Document Type Definition-this is the formal specification of a markup language, written using SGML.

Tuesday 4 March 2014

What is DOCTYPE Declaration(DTD) and how many DOCTYPE In html ?

the DTD extend for document type declaration,
The <DOCTYPE> declaration helps the browser to display a web page correctly.
there are many different documents on the web(World Wide Web), and a browser can only display on html page 100% correctly its also knows the html type and version used.

the DOCTYPE declaration defines the document type and version.

the DOCTYPE tells the browser which type of HTML is used a webpage and also what version of use document.
DOCTYPE is utilized by the web browser to identify the version of the markup language in which the page is written.


The <!DOCTYPE> declaration must be the very first thing in your HTML document, before the <html> tag.
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML tag. it is an instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the page is written in.

In HTML 4, the <!DOCTYPE> declaration refers to a DTD, because HTML 4.01 was based on SGML. The DTD specifies the rules for the markup language, so that the browsers render the content correctly.

HTML5 is not based on SGML, and therefore does not require a reference to a DTD. so its DOCTYPE is very simple.

=== You should not use  <!DOCTYPE> end tag.

==  The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is NOT case sensitive.


Types of DOCTYPE Declarations(DTD):-

(1) HTML 5===

    How to use====<!DOCTYPE html>

(2) HTML 4.01 Transitional===

  How to use===<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">


(3) HTML 4.01 Strict==

        How to use===<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">


(4) HTML 4.01 Frameset==

        How to use===<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">


(5) XHTML 1.0 Strict===

         How to use===<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">


(6) XHTML 1.0 Transitional==

       How to use===<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">


(7) XHTML 1.0 Frameset==

       How to use===<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">


(7) XHTML 1.1==


    How to use===<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">

(8) XHTML mobile 1.0==

      How to use===<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD XHTML Mobile 1.0//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/xhtml-mobile10.dtd">